Making the case for nature-based solutions to coastal erosion in Virginia’s coastal bays
This study examines how nature based solutions can reduce coastal erosion in Virginia’s coastal bays. Field data and geospatial analysis are used to evaluate marsh vegetation and oyster reefs, develop a Marsh Vulnerability Index, and identify suitable shoreline protection strategies that support long term resilience and ecosystem health.
Subject Tags
- Climate resilience
- Nature-based solutions
- Coastal
Introduction
This study evaluates the effectiveness of nature based solutions for reducing coastal erosion in Virginia’s coastal bays. It focuses on the role of marsh vegetation and constructed oyster reefs in dampening wave energy, which is a major driver of shoreline erosion. Field studies conducted across multiple sites measured wave height reduction and showed that both vegetation and reefs can significantly reduce wave energy under different water level conditions.
The study also developed a Marsh Vulnerability Index using geospatial analysis to assess erosion risk based on factors such as wave exposure, marsh elevation, slope, vegetation characteristics, and sea level rise. This index supports site suitability assessments and helps guide the design of living shoreline strategies. The findings highlight the potential for cost effective, sustainable shoreline protection that maintains ecosystem function while supporting coastal resilience.