The importance of identifying and protecting coastal wildness
This California-wide study maps coastal wildness by assessing ecological and physical intactness, biodiversity, and human disturbance. Findings reveal major conservation gaps and emphasize the need for integrated land–sea protection to safeguard remaining wild coastal areas and strengthen coastal resilience amid climate change.
Subject Tags
- Conservation Planning
- Coastal
- Biodiversity
Abstract
Conservation of coastal biodiversity and associated ecosystem services requires protection and management for attributes of coastal wildness, which we define to include physical and ecological intactness and connectivity, native species and habitat diversity, and limited human disturbance. Coastal wildness is threatened by high demand for access to and development of coastal margins; sea level rise exacerbates this threat. As a case study, California (USA), a biodiversity hotspot, has a network of marine and terrestrial protected areas along the coast and strong coastal policy. While 35% of California’s coast has wildness attributes, only 9% of California’s coast is characterized as wild and also protected on both land and in the adjacent waters. A multi-tiered approach is needed to incorporate wild coast attributes into conservation planning and protection of coastal areas. A coastal wildness designation is needed, as well as policies that manage for wildness attributes in existing protected areas.
Citation
Gleason, M. G., Reynolds, M. D., Heady, W. N., Easterday, K., & Morrison, S. A. (2023). The importance of identifying and protecting coastal wildness. Frontiers in Conservation Science, 4, 1224618.
TNC Authors
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Mark Reynolds
Director of the Point Conception Institute
The Nature Conservancy
Email: mreynolds@TNC.ORG -
Walter Heady
Sr Coastal/Marine Scientist
The Nature Conservancy
Email: wheady@TNC.ORG -
Kelly Easterday
Conservation Technology Director
The Nature Conservancy
Email: kelly.easterday@TNC.ORG -
Scott Morrison
Director of Conservation Science & Programs
The Nature Conservancy
Email: smorrison@TNC.ORG