This link takes you to the LANDFIRE Program site where direct resources are located. In summary:
The Vegetation Condition Class (VCC) layer quantifies the amount that current vegetation has departed from the simulated historical vegetation reference conditions. Three condition classes describe low departure (VCC 1), moderate departure (VCC 2), and high departure (VCC 3).
LANDFIRE VCC is based on departure of current vegetation conditions from reference vegetation conditions only, whereas the Guidebook approach includes departure of current fire regimes from those of the reference period. LANDFIRE simulates historical vegetation reference conditions using the vegetation and disturbance dynamics model VDDT (Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool) (LANDSUM for LF_1.0.0 only). Current vegetation conditions are derived from a classification of existing vegetation type, cover, and height.